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Groove |
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A groove is the sunken part of a
tyre's tread. Notably grooves are the fundamental components
in deciding a tyre's quality. The groove improves the braking
performance and driving power of a tyre. Groove depth and design
also effects road noise and the rate of a tyre's treadwear. |
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Sipe |
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| A sipe is a fine groove in the
tread pattern. The function of a sipe is to
enhance braking and driving performance, and to provide driving
stability and comfort. In the case of winter tyres it allows
grip on icy conditions through the biting effect of the edge,
and also improves braking control wet roads. |
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Rib shape : The pattern along the circumference of
the tyre |
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Good points : Lower rolling resistance.
Good directional stability and steering control thanks to lateral
resistance. Suitable for sustained high speeds thanks to low
heat generation. |
| Bad points : Poor braking & acceleration
grip on wet roads. Stress caused by flex means tread is more
susceptible to cracking. |
| Use : For paved road surfaces and the
steering wheels of trucks or buses |
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Lug shape : The groove pattern perpendicular to the
circumference of the tyre |
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Good points : Excellent braking & driving
power. Superior traction |
| Bad points : Noisy at high speed. It's
not suitable for high speed driving because of high rolling
resistance. |
| Use : For dirt roads, rear wheels of buses,
industrial vehicles and dump trucks. |
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Rib-Lug shape : The combination of Rib-shape & Lug-shape |
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| Features : The rib in the centre provides
directional control whilst the shoulder lug gives good braking
& driving power |
| Use : Good for both paved and dirt roads.
Usually used in both front & rear wheels of trucks and buses.
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Block-shape : |
The pattern of independent block, which the groove
is connected with each other |
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Good points : Good steering control and
stability on snow covered and wet roads. Good water dispersal
properties on wet roads. |
| Bad points : Tyre wear is heavy as tread
blocks are finer. |
| Use : Suitable for winter or all-season
passenger car tyres. Suitable for back-wheel of Radial tyre
of ordinary car |
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Asymmetric pattern : Tread pattern differs on each
side |
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Good points : Good for high speed cornering
thanks to greater contact area. Reduces treadwear on outside
of tyre. |
| Bad points : You must position them the
right way around. |
| Use : High performance and motorsport
tyres |
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Directional pattern : Lateral grooves on both sides
point the same direction |
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Good points : Good driving force and
braking performance. Good water dispersal means good stability
on wet roads. Correct choice for fast driving styles. |
| Features : mounted in direction of tread
pattern |
| Use : the passenger car tyre for high
speed usage. |
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Tyre Tread Design